Pastern dermatitis, known in German as Mauke, is a chronic, multifactorial skin condition of the pastern. This article summarises its causes, clinical presentation and veterinary management.
Aetiology and predisposing factors
Several factors may contribute:
- bacteria, such as Staphylococcus spp. or Dermatophilus congolensis
- fungi (dermatophytes) and mites (e.g. Chorioptes)
- UV radiation and photosensitisation, hence more frequent on white pasterns
- chemical or mechanical irritants
- impaired immune response
Persistent moisture, for example from wet ground, mud or frequent washing without drying, favours its development.
Clinical signs
- Crusting and exudation
- Alopecia and hyperkeratosis
- Fissures in the pastern fold
- Pain and, in some cases, swelling of the distal limb
Diagnosis and differential diagnoses
Diagnosis is based on history and clinical examination. Depending on the findings, cytology, skin scrapings, fungal culture or bacteriology help to identify the organisms and parasites involved. Differential diagnoses include chorioptic mange, photosensitisation, immune-mediated dermatoses and, in heavy draught breeds, chronic progressive lymphoedema.
Veterinary management
The approach depends on the cause. Key elements are:
- removing triggering factors: dry, clean housing and avoiding irritants
- removing crusts after soaking and cleansing
- targeted medication at the veterinarian's discretion; systemic antibiotics based on susceptibility testing where there is systemic involvement
- consistent hygiene and regular re-examination
Prognosis depends on the cause and on consistent implementation. Recurrence is common.