Fundamentals and criteria for choosing an irrigation solution
Wounds are common in equine practice. They need particular attention because they can be associated with infection, pain and protracted courses. Wound cleansing is one element of veterinary wound management.
Characteristics of equine wound healing
Several features are widely recognised:
- Wounds on the distal limbs often heal more slowly than wounds on the trunk.
- Excessive granulation tissue can develop on the distal limbs.
- Movement and skin tension make wound rest difficult.
- Wounds are easily contaminated in the stable and in the field.
Wounds near joints, tendon sheaths or hoof structures can be deeper than they look. They are a veterinary emergency.
The role of wound irrigation
Irrigation mechanically removes dirt, exudate and loose coating and makes the wound bed easier to assess. It does not replace examination, debridement, bandaging, antibiotics or tetanus prophylaxis where these are indicated.
Criteria for choosing an irrigation solution
- tissue tolerance, including with repeated use and on sensitive skin
- behaviour in the presence of blood and protein in the wound
- suitability for the wound stage
- handling in the stable (application, residues, attraction of dirt and insects)
- the product information and the instructions of the treating veterinarian
Sterile isotonic saline is an established option for mechanical cleansing. Products from different categories are also available. Their classification (medicinal product, biocide, medical device, care product) determines what they may be used for.
Conclusion
Wound irrigation is part of an overall concept of examination, debridement, bandaging and, where applicable, medicines. When choosing an irrigation solution, tolerability, the wound situation and the regulatory classification of the product all matter.
More on wound cleansing: Science